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Ivan Vid 4 Intro
Sarcomeres
To understand the advantages of fusiform muscles compared to pennate muscles, it is important to understand their architecture.
All types of muscles contain sarcomeres.
All sarcomeres, which are the smallest contractile units of a muscle, shorten the same amount at the same rate.
As the sarcomeres shorten, all individual sarcomeres generate the same amount of tension (pulling force).
The difference between fusiform and pennate muscles is in the way the sarcomeres are oriented.
All types of muscles contain sarcomeres.
All sarcomeres, which are the smallest contractile units of a muscle, shorten the same amount at the same rate.
As the sarcomeres shorten, all individual sarcomeres generate the same amount of tension (pulling force).
The difference between fusiform and pennate muscles is in the way the sarcomeres are oriented.
Fusiform Example
Fusiform: Hamstring Muscles
These muscles have sarcomeres in series which result in:
Fibers oriented parallel to the tendon.
Increased range of motion.
Increased velocity.
These muscles have sarcomeres in series which result in:
Fibers oriented parallel to the tendon.
Increased range of motion.
Increased velocity.
Pennate Example
Pennate: Soleus, Rectus Femoris
These Muscles have sarcomeres in parallel which results in:
Sarcomeres are at an oblique angle to the tendon.
Larger PCSA.
Increased force production.
Shorter range of motion.
These Muscles have sarcomeres in parallel which results in:
Sarcomeres are at an oblique angle to the tendon.
Larger PCSA.
Increased force production.
Shorter range of motion.
PCSA
These features can be seen with Physiological Cross-Sectional Area (PCSA).
PSCA reveals a cross-sectional view of all the muscle fibers.
Since Muscle fibers are made up of sarcomeres, and cross bridges e are directly proportional to tension producedduring contraction, PCSA is related to tension production.
In fact, PCSA is the only Architectural parameter directly proportional to tetanic tension (force).
PSCA reveals a cross-sectional view of all the muscle fibers.
Since Muscle fibers are made up of sarcomeres, and cross bridges e are directly proportional to tension producedduring contraction, PCSA is related to tension production.
In fact, PCSA is the only Architectural parameter directly proportional to tetanic tension (force).
Comparison
Pennate muscles larger PCSA.
Pennate muscles are better designed for higher force production.
Fusiform muscles have more muscles in series.
Recall, all sarcomeres shortent at same rate.
Fusiform fibers shorten across a longer distance = higher velocity.
Shortening across a longer distance, so fusiform muscles have a greater range of motion.
Pennate muscles are better designed for higher force production.
Fusiform muscles have more muscles in series.
Recall, all sarcomeres shortent at same rate.
Fusiform fibers shorten across a longer distance = higher velocity.
Shortening across a longer distance, so fusiform muscles have a greater range of motion.
Sprinters Slow Motion(1)
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fusiform and pennate muscles
This video describes the advantages of fusiform and pennate muscles. In order to understand the advantages of each, differences in muscle architecture and how that plays in a role in the muscle’s function is described throughout. This video was created to accompany a presentation and speaker
Using Dartfish Analyzer tool, pictures, video, and written descriptions, this video explains the topic. Key positions are used to highlight and explain important concepts.
Work Cited:
Yingling, V. (N.D.). Muscle Architecture 2014 [PowerPoint slides].
Yingling, V. [Vanessa Yingling]. (2016, March 3). Muscle Architecture 2014 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eeUeHXd_edc&t=194s
Eckett, N. [Nicholas Eckett]. (2012, March 2). Sprint Form Slow Motion [Video file]. Retreived from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PH-3cHxXAK0
Using Dartfish Analyzer tool, pictures, video, and written descriptions, this video explains the topic. Key positions are used to highlight and explain important concepts.
Work Cited:
Yingling, V. (N.D.). Muscle Architecture 2014 [PowerPoint slides].
Yingling, V. [Vanessa Yingling]. (2016, March 3). Muscle Architecture 2014 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eeUeHXd_edc&t=194s
Eckett, N. [Nicholas Eckett]. (2012, March 2). Sprint Form Slow Motion [Video file]. Retreived from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PH-3cHxXAK0
Biomechanical Concepts -
Muscle Adaptations -
Sarcomeres in Parallel
Biomechanical Concepts -
Muscle Adaptations -
Sarcomeres in Series